This article gives the statement and possibly, proof, of an implication relation between two subgroup properties. That is, it states that every subgroup satisfying the first subgroup property (i.e., strongly paranormal subgroup) must also satisfy the second subgroup property (i.e., paranormal subgroup)
View all subgroup property implications | View all subgroup property non-implications
Get more facts about strongly paranormal subgroup|Get more facts about paranormal subgroup
Statement
Any strongly paranormal subgroup of a group is paranormal.
Definitions used
Strongly paranormal subgroup
Further information: strongly paranormal subgroup
A subgroup
is termed strongly paranormal if, for any
,
. Here,
is the subgroup generated by all commutators between
and elements of
.
Paranormal subgroup
Further information: paranormal subgroup
A subgroup
is termed paranormal if, for any
,
is a contranormal subgroup of
: in other words, the normal closure of
in
is the whole group
.
Facts used
- Product with commutator equals join with conjugate:
Proof
Proof idea
The key idea is to show, using the identity, that any normal subgroup of
that contains
must also contain
, and hence must be the whole of
.
Proof details
Given: A group
, a subgroup
such that
for any
.
To prove': If
is a normal subgroup of
that contains
,
.
Proof:
: This follows from fact (1).
: Since
is in
, we have
. The latter is contained in
, since
is normal in
.
: This follows from the previous step, and the fact that
.
: This follows from the previous step, and the fact that
.
: We already have
, and the previous fact yields
. Thus, we get
. By fact (1), this yields
. Since
, we get equality.