Series-equivalent abelian-quotient abelian not implies automorphic

From Groupprops

Statement

It is possible to have a finite group (in fact, even a group of prime power order) and normal subgroups and of such that:

  1. and are Series-equivalent subgroups (?) of : and are isomorphic groups and the quotient groups and are also isomorphic groups.
  2. and (and hence also and ) are both abelian groups. In other words, is an Abelian normal subgroup (?) as well as an Abelian-quotient subgroup (?) of (and so is ).
  3. and are not Automorphic subgroups (?) in , i.e., there is no automorphism of sending to .

Related facts

Stronger facts

Statement Constraint on Smallest order of among known examples Isomorphism class of Isomorphism class of Isomorphism class of quotient group
series-equivalent not implies automorphic in finite abelian group is also a finite abelian group 128 direct product of Z8 and Z4 and V4 direct product of Z8 and V4 direct product of Z4 and Z2
series-equivalent abelian-quotient central subgroups may be distinct and are both central subgroups of (in other words, the quotient actions are both trivial. 64 semidirect product of Z8 and Z8 of M-type direct product of Z4 and Z2 direct product of Z4 and Z2

Weaker facts

Proof

Example of the nontrivial semidirect product of cyclic groups of order four

Further information: nontrivial semidirect product of Z4 and Z4, subgroup structure of nontrivial semidirect product of Z4 and Z4

We define as the nontrivial semidirect product of Z4 and Z4, explicitly by the presentation:

Define as the subgroup and as the subgroup .

Both and are isomorphic to direct product of Z4 and Z2, and they are both normal with the quotient group isomorphic to cyclic group:Z2 (because they both have index two).

To see that there is no automorphism of sending to , note that the only non-identity squares of elements in the two subgroups are (in ) and (in ) respectively. An automorphism of sending to must therefore send to . This is not possible since is in the derived subgroup of (it is the only non-identity commutator) and is not.