A5 in S5
This article is about a particular subgroup in a group, up to equivalence of subgroups (i.e., an isomorphism of groups that induces the corresponding isomorphism of subgroups). The subgroup is (up to isomorphism) alternating group:A5 and the group is (up to isomorphism) symmetric group:S5 (see subgroup structure of symmetric group:S5).
The subgroup is a normal subgroup and the quotient group is isomorphic to cyclic group:Z2.
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Contents
Definition
We define as symmetric group:S5 -- for concreteness, the symmetric group on the set
.
is alternating group:A5 -- the subgroup of
comprising even permutations. A criterion for a permutation to be even, based on cycle decomposition, is that the number of cycles of even length should be even.
The quotient group is cyclic group:Z2.
Arithmetic functions
Function | Value | Explanation |
---|---|---|
order of group | 120 | Order is ![]() |
order of subgroup | 60 | Order is ![]() |
index of subgroup | 2 | For degree ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Subgroup-defining functions
Subgroup-defining function | Meaning in general | Why it takes this value | GAP verification (set G := SymmetricGroup(5); H := AlternatingGroup(5);) |
---|---|---|---|
derived subgroup (also called commutator subgroup) | subgroup generated by commutators | Since the quotient is abelian, it contains the derived subgroup. Further, ![]() |
H = DerivedSubgroup(G); using DerivedSubgroup |
hypocenter | stable member of lower central series (transfinite if necessary) | ![]() ![]() |
|
perfect core | stable member of derived series (transfinite if necessary); alternatively, join of all perfect subgroups | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
|
Jacobson radical | intersection of all maximal normal subgroups | ![]() ![]() |
|
socle | join of all minimal normal subgroups | It is the unique minimal normal subgroup (![]() |
H = Socle(G); using Socle |
3-Sylow closure | normal closure of any 3-Sylow subgroup | Any 3-Sylow subgroup lies within ![]() ![]() |
|
5-Sylow closure | normal closure of any 5-Sylow subgroup | Any 5-Sylow subgroup lies within ![]() ![]() |
Description in alternative interpretations of the whole group
Interpretation of ![]() |
Corresponding interpretation of ![]() |
---|---|
Symmetric group of degree five. | Alternating group of degree five. |
![]() |
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![]() ![]() |
GAP implementation
Finding this subgroup inside the group as a black box
Here, a group that we know to be isomorphic to the symmetric group of degree five is given, and we need to locate in that the alternating group of degree four. Different ways of constructing/locating this subgroup are given below.
Description | Functions used |
---|---|
DerivedSubgroup(G) | DerivedSubgroup |
Socle(G) | Socle |
To assign to any of these, do H := followed by that. For instance:
H := DerivedSubgroup(G);
Constructing the group and the subgroup
Because of GAP's native implementation of symmetric groups, this can be easily achieved using SymmetricGroup and AlternatingGroup:
gap> G := SymmetricGroup(5);; gap> H := AlternatingGroup(5);;
Note that double semicolons have been used to suppress confirmatory output, but you may prefer to use single semicolons.