Derived subgroup of general linear group is special linear group

From Groupprops

Template:Sdf computation

Statement

Let k be a field and n be a natural number. The derived subgroup (i.e., commutator subgroup) of the general linear group GLn(k) (the group of invertible n×n matrices) is the special linear group SLn(k) (the group of n×n matrices of determinant 1), under either of these conditions:

  • n3.
  • k has at least three elements.

In other words, the only case where the result does not hold is when n=2 and k is the field of two elements. (In the case n=1, the result holds vacuously).

Related facts

Facts used

  1. Every elementary matrix is a commutator of invertible matrices
  2. Elementary matrices generate the special linear group

Proof

Observe that:

  • SLn(k) is the kernel of the determinant homomorphism from GLn(k) to the multiplicative group of nonzero elements of k, which is Abelian. Hence, SLn(k) contains the commutator subgroup of GLn(k).
  • By facts (1) and (2), SLn(k) is contained in the commutator subgroup of GLn(k).
  • Thus, SLn(k) equals the commutator subgroup of GLn(k).