Baer invariants and extension theory for Klein four-group
This article gives specific information, namely, Baer invariants and extension theory, about a particular group, namely: Klein four-group.
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This article discusses the Baer invariants and the corresponding extension theory for the Klein four-group, which we denote , corresponding to a number of subvarieties of the variety of groups.
Nilpotent multipliers and nilpotent extension theory
Nilpotent multipliers
We can use the fact that nilpotent multiplier of abelian group is graded component of free Lie ring to compute the nilpotent multipliers. The nilpotent multiplier
is explicitly given as an elementary abelian 2-group of rank given by the formula for dimension of graded component of free Lie algebra:
where:
where is the Mobius function.
The explicit formulas are below. Note that the case gives us the Schur multiplier, also described as the second homology group for trivial group action with integer coefficients (see also group cohomology of Klein four-group):
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Formula calculating rank of ![]() |
Rank of ![]() |
Group ![]() |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | ![]() |
1 | cyclic group:Z2 |
2 | 3 | ![]() |
2 | Klein four-group |
3 | 4 | ![]() |
3 | elementary abelian group:E8 |
4 | 5 | ![]() |
6 | elementary abelian group:E64 |
5 | 6 | ![]() |
9 | elementary abelian group:E512 |
Extension theory
It is possible to construct extension that realize these Baer invariants; however, the constructions are not necessarily of the same order as the corresponding Lie ring constructions (which provide a lower bound).
Consider the case . We want to construct a group
such that
(where
denotes the second center of
) is isomorphic to the Klein four-group and
is also isomorphic to the Klein four-group (because that is the value of
for the Klein four-group).
If we consider the quotient of the free Lie ring on
by
, we obtain a class three Lie ring of order 32, with a gradation and where the ranks of the graded pieces are 2, 1, and 2 (the numbers 1 and 2 are respectively the ranks of the Schur multiplier and the 2-nilpotent multiplier). There is no corresponding group of order 32.
There do exist some groups among the groups of order 64, however. The second parts of their group IDs in the SmallGroup library are 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (name of Hall-Senior family?).