Characteristic-isomorph-free not implies normal-isomorph-free in finite

From Groupprops

This article gives the statement and possibly, proof, of a non-implication relation between two subgroup properties. That is, it states that every subgroup satisfying the first subgroup property (i.e., characteristic-isomorph-free subgroup) need not satisfy the second subgroup property (i.e., normal-isomorph-free subgroup)
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Statement

We may have a group with a characteristic subgroup such that there are no other characteristic subgroups isomorphic to it, but there are other normal subgroups isomorphic to it.

Proof

Example of an Abelian group

Further information: prime-cube order group:p2timesp, agemo subgroups of a group of prime power order, omega subgroups of a group of prime power order

Let p be any prime, and let G:=Z/pZ×Z/p2Z. In other words, G is a direct product of cyclic groups of order p and p2 respectively.

Consider the subgroup H:=Agemo1(G): the set of all elements of G that can be written as pth powers. This set is 0×pZ/p2Z.

  • H is a characteristic subgroup: It is defined as the set of pth powers, so it is clearly invariant under conjugation.
  • There is no other characteristic subgroup of G of order p: All the subgroups of order p in G lie inside Ω1(G)=Z/pZ×pZ/p2Z. Further, automorphisms of the form (a,b)↦(a+b,b) permute all the other subgroups.
  • There are other normal subgroups of G of order p: In fact, there are p of them: the other p subgroups of Ω1(G).

Thus, H is characteristic-isomorph-free in G but is not normal-isomorph-free in G.